ReNDIs
ID: ITA_Redis_interventiDifesaSuolo
Formats: .nt
Metadata: ✅ Metadata avaliable in RDF format
URI: dati.isprambiente.it/dataset/il-rendis/
Provenance: Isprambiente
As one of the largest Italian regions, Emilia-Romagna is characterized by a very diversified hydrogeological conformation: including coastal areas, mountains, hills, and still there is space for a vast lowland area crossed by waterway. But high diversity in ecosystems also implies several calamities and disasters. Hence, a high degree of attention, multidisciplinary approaches and constant investments deal with these kinds of events and avoid damage to the regional economy and ecosystems.
information taken from Sapere.it
Hydrogeological disruptions are related to climate change: the increasing of events like landslides and coast erosion may be considered symptoms of the low health condition of the planet due to human activities such as deforestation, overbuilding, industrialization, etc. Thus, we believe it is a common interest to share this data and give citizens an insight into the hydrogeological risk of this area.
The actions - that were undertaken by local communities - to avoid and repair this kind of disaster represent the other side of the coin, and FlooData offers them clustered by province. Here we also chose to highlight the difference in financings devolved to restorative and preventive actions, to highlight which areas prefer - or can - invest principally in the second ones.
FlooData makes re-use of Open Data related to Emilia Romagna's hydrogeological disruptions. All of this data has been gathered from 9 different sources.
This section shows the results of our project. The questions below aim to describe hydrogeological disasters in Emilia Romagna. The graphical visualization and some narrow descriptive text answer the questions, giving you a first grasp of the data. You can interact with the visualizations, focus on the areas of primary interest to you or get a general overview of the hydrogeological situation in Emilia Romagna.
Here we notice the provinces of Bologna and Modena to be the ones with most disruptions recorded, some - e.g., wells of hot water and gas leaks from the ground - are linked to the 2012 earthquake that stroke the region (cf. Segnalazioni fenomeni geologici particolari).
Landslides and hydraulic disasters are widely present in each province. We can assess a clear difference in the typology of the disasters between Provinces facing the Adriatic sea. Ferrara is a case worthy of mention, as it is one of the provinces registering fewer disasters while having a heterogeneous distribution of disaster typologies.
Area
Central Provinces and the ones in the northern part of the coast have very high percentages of area at low risk - Ferrara has a value of almost 100%. Same situation has been detected for medium probability of hydraulic risk. High risk areas remain distributed in the same way, with a consistent decreasing of the percentages in each Province, with maximum values of around 20% in Ferrara and Ravenna.
Population
40-50% of the population is at medium risk in all Provinces, with pikes of 99% in Ferrara and 87% in Ravenna, same goes for low low risk. Concerning population at high risk Ferara and Rimini around have values near the 25%, the other Provinces have lower percentages (1-13%).
Families
Ferara and Rimini around 25%, of families at high risk the others have lower percentages (3-12%). Medium and low risk present more or les the same percentages 60-70% in all provinces, with pikes of 99% in Ferrara and 87% in Ravenna
Buildings
Coast Provinces have the highest precentages of buildings ath high risk, with Ferrara and Rimini having values around 20%.
The western side of the region has medium and low risk values at 30%. Toving forward the coast, these values increase reaching pikes of 100% in Ferrara, and lower again in the southern part of the coast a minimum of 40% (Rimini).
Enterprises
All provinces have values of enterprises at medium and low risk between 50-70%. Pikes are reached in Ferrara (100%), in Ravenna (88%) and in Reggio Emilia (~80%). Enterprise at high risk are very few.
Cultural Heritage
high risk is evenly spread arund all the Region, mean value of 9% piacenza and Rimini have lowest values. For medium ad low risk there could be an oerror over Ferrara. on low risk the mean is around 40-50% and finally has 10% risk. Finally on low Rimini best doing with 14% Reggio Emilia (93%) and Modena (80%) not doing quite well
Since 2006 we have noticed an increase in funding in all Provinces. All provinces last year spent around 15-20 million € for interventions, except for Bologna. This Province is actually investing ten times more than the others. The visualization also shows a slight difference in the expenses of inner and coastal areas, as one can notice the first group of provinces has spent more money on restorative/preventive activities, compared to the second group.
From the bar chart, we can state that all Provinces are doing pretty well on the preventive matter, Bologna and Modena keep placing themselves on top of the rankings as the two cities that also invest the most in prevention. This factor might have also impacted the limited reparation costs compared to other provinces spending less on prevention - e.g., Parma.
As we ended up with a list of more than 290 types of activities, some of them not strictly related to hydrogeological damages, we have selected to display 15 categories for dividing the financings. Others is a general category containing all those activities linked to hydrogeological disruptions but not representing active interventions on the territory. Among the remaining ones, we notice that direct activities dedicated to landslides and floodings, with waterways, are the most financed categories.
In this section we will briefly list the steps of our analysis. For more information, please refer to our Documentation.
We used several datasets coming from different institutions, to fully cover the several aspects regarding hydrogeological issues in Emilia Romagna. This analysis was made following the National Guidelines for the Improvement of Public Information Assets.
LinkedIspra contains information on interventions, associated lots, georeferencing, projects' financial budgets, disruptions' typologies, lithologies and realized works, classification of hydrogeological disruptions and of works for protecting the soil.
| Accuracy | Satisfied, it creates meaningful links between different kind of records (e.g., geological instabilities are linked to and their respective repairs link to the same contract, and when ossible are represented as a group |
|---|---|
| Completness | Not satisfied: 93.9% |
| Coherence | Not satisfied: Arbitrary use of uppercase and lowercase and uncomprehensible characters in some labels |
| Promptness | Satisfied: the dataset is updated daily, ours is updated untill 6/7/2022 |
| Accuracy | Satisfied, it creates meaningful links between different kind of records (e.g., geological instabilities are linked to and their respective repairs link to the same contract, and when ossible are represented as a group |
|---|---|
| Completness | Not satisfied: 93.9% |
| Coherence | Not satisfied: Arbitrary use of uppercase and lowercase and uncomprehensible characters in some labels |
| Promptness | Not satisfied: last update on 22/03/2016 |
MinERva is the point of reference and information sharing held by the Directorate General for Territory and Environment Care of the Region of Emilia Romagna. It contains various databases classified following the Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network (CKAN) grouping and of the UN 2030 Agenda in Sustainable Development Goals, an open-source and web-based system, for data gathering, cataloguing and dissemination.
| Accurancy | Satisfied |
|---|---|
| Completness | Not satisfied: 81.9%% |
| Coherence | Satisfied |
| Promptness | Not satisfied: Last update was on 31/12/2020 |
| Accurancy | Not satisfied: There is no clear meaning of some column names |
|---|---|
| Completness | Not satisfied: 80.4% |
| Coherence | Not satisfied: There is no standard of defining "null" values, empty fields remain empty or are filled by "nessuno" |
| Promptness | Not satisfied: Last update was on 01/01/2021 |
| Accurancy | Satisfied |
|---|---|
| Completness | Satisfied |
| Coherence | Not satisfied: Arbitrary representation of thousands (AAAAMMDD - e.g. 20090205) |
| Promptness | Not satisfied: Last update was on 01/01/2020 |
IdroGEO is a platform allowing consultation, download and sharing of data, maps, reports, and documents of the Italian Landslide Inventory - IFFI. The platform has an Open Data section, where one can download data concerning landslides, available in Open format and with Creative Commons licences.
| Accurancy | Satisfied |
|---|---|
| Completness | Not satisfied: 99.7% |
| Coherence | Satisfied |
| Promptness | Satisfied: last update 2021 with new ISTAT codes |
OpenCoesione - the Italian government's open gov initiative on cohesion policies in Italy - makes their datasets available, offering a partial return of the monitoring system managed by the State General Accounting; in a form suitable to respond to the cognitive interests of citizens.
| Accurancy | Satisfied |
|---|---|
| Completness | Not satisfied: 75.8% |
| Coherence | Satisfied |
| Promptness | Satisfied: last update may 2022 |
| Accurancy | Satisfied |
|---|---|
| Completness | Not satisfied: 71.1% |
| Coherence | Satisfied |
| Promptness | Satisfied: last update may 2022 |
The data contained in the GitHub repository by Matteo Henry Chinaski is of topological and topographical nature: place names, coordinates, ISTAT codes, dimensions and statistics (out of date) of different Italian areas, spanning from single municipalities to t
| Accurancy | Satisfied |
|---|---|
| Completness | Satisfied |
| Coherence | Satisfied |
| Promptness | Not Satisfied: last update 2018 |
Legal analysis is required to ensure the long-term viability of the data generation and dissemination process. Here the legal analysis of the sources seeks to assess these precarious balances, emphasizing use restrictions, objectives of competence, rights determination, and licence conditions.
| ID | Dataset | Sources | Originals' licences | Final licence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD1 | Actions | LinkedIspra,MinErva, OpenCoesione,Comuni-Italiani-2018 | CC-BY 4.0, CC-BY 4.0, CC-BY 3.0 IT, CC-BY-SA 4.0, CC-BY-SA 4.0, Not specified | CC BY SA 4.0 |
| MD2 | Disruptions | LinkedIspra,MinErva,Comuni-Italiani-2018 | CC-BY 4.0, CC-BY 4.0, CC-BY 3.0 IT, CC-BY 3.0 IT, Not specified | CC BY SA 4.0 |
| MD3 | Hydrogeological risk | IdroGEO, Comuni-Italiani-2018 | CC-BY-SA 4.0, Not specified | CC BY SA 4.0 |
From an ethical point of view, we considered the importance of the human being, transparency, accountability, and equality. We also rely on Accenture's Data Ethics Decision Making Guidelines. The original datasets represent environmental - and geodata. This kind of data naturally avoids discrimination, stereotyping, crystallization, distortion of the history, misrepresentation of reality, and manipulation of the cultural identity of a country/community.
The data gathered is transparently managed by producers, as documentation on project and/or datasets, licences, and policies are made available to final users, avoiding cognitive biases and legal misunderstanding in terms of data re-use, in compliance with the Art. 89 of GDPR. D1, ReNDis makes available to consultation and download the names of people responsible for recorded interventions. We consider the presence of identity data in this set legitimate since names of public officers are by nature in the public domain.
Finally, we take into account that there are chances of people acting on the collected information to look for a more secure and maintained area within the region Emila Romagna, but that does not look like an ethical issue as much as a normal inferential process granted to citizens.
For a deeper insight on the original data sets' metadata, please refer to our documentation and the tabular resumeé.
ID: ITA_Redis_interventiDifesaSuolo
Formats: .nt
Metadata: ✅ Metadata avaliable in RDF format
URI: dati.isprambiente.it/dataset/il-rendis/
Provenance: Isprambiente
ID: DT_place01
Formats: .nt
Metadata: ✅ Meadata avalaiable in RDF format
URI: dati.isprambiente.it/dataset/i-luoghi/
Provenance: Isprambiente
ID: italy_geo
Formats: .json, .xls
Metadata: Data informations on the content are available in .md format. Additional information can be infered from the decriptions in the website.
URI: /MatteoHenryChinaski/Comuni-Italiani-2018-Sql-Json-excel/blob/master/italy_geo.json
Provenance: Comuni-Italiani-2018-Sql-Json-excel
ID: Province
Formats: .csv, .json, .xls
Metadata: Metadata on content are available in .csv format. Additional information can be infered from the decriptions in the website.
URI: Province
Provenance: Isprambiente
ID: progetti_esteso_EMR_2007-2013_20220228
Formats: .csv
Metadata: Metadata of content are available in .xls format. Additional information can be infered from the decriptions in the website.
URI: /regioni/progetti_esteso_EMR_2007-2013_20220228
Provenance: OpenCoesione
ID: progetti_esteso_EMR_2014-2020_20220228
Formats: .csv
Metadata: Metadata of content are available in .xls format. Additional information can be infered from the decriptions in the website.
URI: /regioni/progetti_esteso_EMR_2014-2020_20220228
Provenance: OpenCoesione
ID: r_emiro_2017-06-13t115808
Formats: .cpg, .dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, .shp, .xml, .shx
Metadata: ✅ Metadata ont the dataset are available in .xml format.
URI: /catalogCTA/dataset/r_emiro_2017-06-13t115808
Provenance: Regione Emilia Romagna
ID: r_emiro_2022-01-04t15163
Formats: .cpg, .dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, .shp, .xml, .shx
Metadata: ✅ Metadat on the dataset are available in .xml format.
URI: /catalogCTA/dataset/r_emiro_2022-01-04t151636
Provenance: Regione Emilia Romagna
ID: r_emiro_2021-03-12t110331
Formats: .cpg, .dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, .shp, .xml, .shx
Metadata: ✅ Metadata on the dataset are available in .xml format.
URI: /catalogCTA/dataset/r_emiro_2021-03-12t110331
Provenance: Regione Emilia Romagnat
For producing the mashed-up data sets we followed the FAIR Data Management Guidelines in Horizon 2020.
Revision
datasets_update.ipynb to translate textes and eventual corrections
Actions
Disruptions
Hydrogeological risk
For the Catalogue and each one of the mashed-up data sets, we provide metadata, supplied following the DCAT AP version 2.0.0 guidelines to achieve the goal of providing the user with more reusable and interoperable data.
| Title | Floodata |
|---|---|
| Description | Catalogue containing FlooData mashed-up datasets |
| Publisher | Chiara Catizione, Giulia Venditti |
| Modified | 2022-08-11 |
| Dataset | MD1 |
| Dataset | MD2 |
| Dataset | MD3 |
| Homepage | floodata.it |
| Language | English |
| Issued | 2022-07-12 |
| Spatial Coverage | Emilia Romagna (IT) |
| Licence | CC BY-SA 4.0 |
| Rights | Under this licence you may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works and remixes based on it, even for commercial purposes, only if you give the author or licensor the credits (attribution) in the manner specified by the licence, and indicating if changes were made.You may distribute derivative works only under a licence identical to the licence that governs the original work. |
| RDF-Turtle Assertation | RDF FloodCat |
| Id | Title | Description | Issued | Modified | Theme | Rights Holder | Accrual Periodicity | Subject | Publisher | Language | Keyword | Source | Temporal Coverage | Spatial Coverage | Format | URL | Licence | Download |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Id | Title | Description | Issued | Modified | Theme | Rights Holder | Accrual Periodicity | Subject | Publisher | Language | Keyword | Source | Temporal Coverage | Spatial Coverage | Format | URL | Licence | Download |
| ispra_rm:ITA_Redis_interventiDifesaSuolo | ReNDIs | Dataset of Mitigation measures for national soil protection | 2016 | Daily updated | Government and public sector, Environment | ISPRA | Daily | Envirnonmental disasters | ISPRA | Italian | Hydrogeological instability | ISPRA | 1999-2021 | Italy | .nt | http://dati.isprambiente.it/dataset/il-rendis/ | CC BY 4.0 | http://dati.isprambiente.it/downloads/dissesto.nt.gz |
| i-ispra_rm:DT_place01 | Luoghi | Dataset of places | 2016 | 2016 | Environment | ISPRA | Annual | Italian geographical data | ISPRA | Italian | Places | ISPRA | Not available | Italy | .nt | http://dati.isprambiente.it/dataset/i-luoghi/ | CC BY 4.0 | http://dati.isprambiente.it/downloads/luoghi.nt.gz |
| r_emiro_2017-06-13t115808 | Segnalazioni fenomeni geologici particolari | Georeferenced vector data base, containing a precise symbology inherent to the reports of particular geological phenomena | 2014 | 2020 | Regions and cities, Science and technology | Area Geologia, Suoli e Sismica - Settore Difesa del Territorio - Regione Emilia-Romagna | Not available | Geological phenomena | Regione Emilia-Romagna | Italian | EU, regionale, opendata | Area Geologia, Suoli e Sismica - Settore Difesa del Territorio - Regione Emilia-Romagna | 2012-2021 | Emilia Romagna, Italy | .cpg, .dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, .shp.xml, .shx | https://datacatalog.regione.emilia-romagna.it/catalogCTA/dataset/r_emiro_2017-06-13t115808 | CC BY 3.0 | https://mappegis.regione.emilia-romagna.it/moka/ckan/conoscenza_sottosuolo/Segnalazioni_fenomeni_geologici.zip |
| r_emiro_2022-01-04t15163 | Opere di difesa costiera - 2020 | The 'Catalog of defense works' contains information on the coastal protections present both at sea and in the hinterland of the Emilia-Romagna coast. These works have been erected over time by different bodies, in order to defend the beaches from the phenomenon of erosion and the hinterland from flooding in the event of exceptional high tide events | 2021 | 2021 | Regioni marine | Area Geologia, Suoli e Sismica - Settore Difesa del Territorio - Regione Emilia-Romagna | Continuous | Coast defense barriers | Regione Emilia-Romagna | Italian | EU, regionale, difesa costiera | Area Geologia, Suoli e Sismica - Settore Difesa del Territorio - Regione Emilia-Romagna | 1946-2020 | Emilia Romagna, Italy | .cpg, .dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, .shp.xml, .shx | https://datacatalog.regione.emilia-romagna.it/catalogCTA/dataset/r_emiro_2022-01-04t151636 | CC BY 3.0 | https://mappegis.regione.emilia-romagna.it/moka/ckan/costa/Opere_Difesa_2020.zip |
| r_emiro_2021-03-12t110331 | Dinamica Meteomarina ed Impatti - Località colpite (numero eventi con impatto) mareggiate 1946-2020 | Dataset containing the coast areas mostly affected by erosion | 2020 | 2020 | Environment | Area Geologia, Suoli e Sismica - Settore Difesa del Territorio - Regione Emilia-Romagna | Not available | Endangered coast areas | Regione Emilia-Romagna | Italian | EU, regionale, acque marine, rischi | Area Geologia, Suoli e Sismica - Settore Difesa del Territorio - Regione Emilia-Romagna | 2020 | Emilia Romagna, Italy | .cpg, .dbf, .prj, .sbn, .sbx, .shp, .shp, .xml, .shx | https://datacatalog.regione.emilia-romagna.it/catalogCTA/dataset/r_emiro_2021-03-12t110331 | CC BY 3.0 | https://mappegis.regione.emilia-romagna.it/moka/ckan/costa/Localita_colpite_Erosione_1946_2020.zipup |
| province | Landslide and flood risk indicators - Province | Landslide and flood risk indicators relating to territory, population, families, buildings, industry and service, cultural heritage | Not available | Not available | Landslide and flood risk | ISPRA | Not available | Risk indicators | ISPRA | Italian | Not availablei | ISPRA | 2017 | Italy | .xls, .json, .csv | https://ixxdrogeo.isprambiente.it/app/page/open-data | CC BY 4.0 | XLS: https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it/api/pir/province/export?outputFormat=excel , CSV: https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it/api/pir/province/export?outputFormat=csv, JSON: https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it/api/pir/province/export |
| progetti_esteso_EMR_2007-2013_20220228 | Progetti esteso EMR 2007-2013 | Dataset containing the tracks of the projects implemented in Emilia Romagna between 2007 and 2013 | 2013 | 2022 | Cohesion policies | IGRUE | every two months | Cohesion projects | OpenCoesione | Italian | Not available | Ragioneria Generale dello Stato (Ministero dellU+2019Economia e delle Finanze) | 2007-2013 | Emilia Romagna, Italy | .csv | https://opencoesione.gov.it/it/opendata/#!progetti_section | CC BY 4.0 | https://opencoesione.gov.it/it/opendata/regioni/progetti_esteso_EMR_2007-2013.zip |
| progetti_esteso_EMR_2014-2020_20220228 | Progetti esteso EMR 2014-2020 | Dataset containing the tracks of the projects implemented in Emilia Romagna between 2014 and 2020 | 2014 | 2022 | Cohesion policies | IGRUE | every two months | Cohesion projects | OpenCoesione | Italian | Not available | Ragioneria Generale dello Stato (Ministero dell’Economia e delle Fina | 2014-2020 | Emilia Romagna, Italy | .csv | https://opencoesione.gov.it/it/opendata/#!progetti_section | CC BY 4.0 | https://opencoesione.gov.it/it/opendata/regioni/progetti_esteso_EMR_2014-2020.zip |
| italy_geo | Italy geo | Json conttining italiyan municipalities' geographical information | 2014 | 2018 | Geo data | Not available | Not available | Italian municipalities | MatteoHenryChinaski | Italian | Not available | Not available | Not available | Italy | .xls, .json | https://github.com/MatteoHenryChinaski/Comuni-Italiani-2018-Sql-Json-excel/blob/master/italy_geo.json | Not available | https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MatteoHenryChinaski/Comuni-Italiani-2018-Sql-Json-excel/master/italy_geo.json |
MA student, Digital Humanities and Digital Knowledge, University of Bologna
BA in Art Direction and Graphic Design, NABA Milano
Contact: giulia.venditti@studio.unibo.it
MA student, Digital Humanities and Digital Knowledge, University of Bologna
BA in Drama, Art and Music Studies, DAMS University of Bologna
Contact: chiara.catizone@studio.unibo.it